Thesis
Post-conflict tourism development in Bosnia and Herzegovina : the concept of phoenix tourism
- Creator
- Awarding institution
- University of Strathclyde
- Date of award
- 2008
- Thesis identifier
- T12073
- Qualification Level
- Qualification Name
- Department, School or Faculty
- Abstract
- Political conflicts, and their influence on tourism, get vast academic attention. In tourism research these have typically been dominated by a positivist philosophy, with a pre-conceptualised hypothesis and a researcher who is trying to be neutral. Constant conceptualisation of the research in this manner has resulted in theory saturated with technical extradisciplinary knowledge, which is difficult to employ both academically and pragmatically. This field study was conducted in Northern Ireland (long-term conflict) and Bosnia and Herzegovina (major conflict), employing unstructured and semi-structured interviews as a main research method, and overt participant observation as an auxiliary research method. The researcher carried out a thematic analysis of the data, adopting a critical theory perspective. The aim of this research was to explore the processes, and to identify the significant issues, affecting) tourism following a long-term, major political conflict. Further, the methodological aim of this research was to create an emancipatory knowledge in such a way as to make a contribution to existing theoretical concepts. In order to create this emancipatory knowledge, the researcher employs a critical theory approach, whose main postulates are interdisciplinarity, reflexivity and audiencing, dialectism and criticality of the Orthodox theories. In the context of this research, tourism is marginalised in a generic social science discourse. Furthermore, the research addresses the marginalisation of the peripheries, i. e. Bosnia is marginalised both in tourism discourses and in a generic context. A psychology of periphery has been developed throughout the centuries; e. g. Bosnia was peripheral to the Ottomans, Habsburgs, Fascists, Communists and nowadays the EU. Furthermore, in the context of Northern Ireland, this research considers the perspective of communities which historically have been socially and politically excluded. This research addresses aspects of tourism in a generic post-conflict society, resulting in the development of the phoenix tourism concept, through which the research data has been analysed. The phoenix tourism concept helps to explain that the process of post-conflict tourism development goes far beyond economic enhancement and technical knowledge, putting it in the context of rising, re-building and reconciliation. Therefore, this part of the research quest resulted in the deconstruction of "dark tourism" theories, by conceptualising war inherited sites, taking them out of the imaginary tourism context and putting them back into their real contexts and, thus, giving them their real meanings. The main characteristic of phoenix tourism is that it is not a permanent label, but one stage in the process by which a conflict becomes a genuine tourism heritage.
- Resource Type
- DOI
- EThOS ID
- uk.bl.ethos.488827
- Date Created
- 2008
- Former identifier
- 782817
Relazioni
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