Thesis

Mitochondrial regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration in atherogenesis and re-stenosis

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Awarding institution
  • University of Strathclyde
Date of award
  • 2017
Thesis identifier
  • T14634
Person Identifier (Local)
  • 201262055
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Abstract
  • Vascular smooth muscle (VSM) cell proliferation and migration are the hallmark of atherosclerosis and re-stenosis. In this study, we have investigated the role of mitochondrial bioactivity in VSM cell proliferation and migration through the regulation of miRNA expression. We also investigated for the first time the role of mitochondrial bioactivity in determining the content of exosomes released by vascular smooth muscle cells and the biological effect these exosomes have on vascular smooth muscle (VSM) cell proliferation and migration.;VSM cells were isolated from 12-week old male Sprague-Dawley rats. Experiments were undertaken using day zero isolated (contractile phenotype), 21-day cultured (synthetic phenotype) and 21-day mitochondrial incompetent (synthetic phenotype- Rho cell). The effect of balloon angioplasty on rat aorta structural remodelling was also studied. VSM cells were also stimulated using 20 ng/ml PDGF and treated with mitochondrial DRP1 inhibitor MDivi-1 (10 μM).;Inhibition of mitochondrial network formation with the DRP1 inhibitor MDivi-1 (10 μM) inhibited angioplasty-dependent remodelling. This observation was confirmed in VSM cell cultures where MDivi-1 significantly reduced proliferation and migration. Total exosomal release was significantly greater in the 21-day cultured cells when compared with quiesced non-proliferating cells and 21-day cultured Rho cells (520 +/- 10 ng, 480 +/- 20 ng and 420 +/- 10 ng per ml respectively) and total exosomal RNA yield was 70.2 +/- 10.2 ng/ul, 118.7 +/- 2.4 ng/ul and 70.8 +/- 4.7 ng/ul respectively.;Mitochondrial function significantly influenced miRNA and mRNA measured in exosomes. When compared with the hyperproliferative synthetic VSM cell miR-21 expression was reduced by 88 +/- 12.1% and miR-145 expression increased by 73 +/- 19.8%. We also measured a 7-fold decrease and 6.6-fold decrease in mTOR, PI3K and 4EBP1 respectively. A significant increase expression of P53, cdkn2a and ROS scavenging proteins including SOD1 and SOD2 were measured in 21-day cultured Rho cells vs. 21-day hyperproliferative VSM cells.;The expression of cellular miRNA was also seen to be influenced by mitochondrial bioactivity. The expression of miR-21 in cells treated with MDivi-1 was 2 ± 0.2 fold lower than the expression level in the PDGF stimulated cells. The expression level of miR-145 in the MDivi-1 treated cells was 0.5 ± 0.1 fold higher than the expression level in the PDGF stimulated cells.;In this study we have further correlated VSM cell hyperproliferative phenotype with mitochondrial function. Moreover, further demonstrated mitochondrial function/ VSM cell phenotype with exosomal release and cargo that potentially drives the hyperproliferative/ migratory phenotype central to atherosclerosis and re-stenosis.
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DOI
Date Created
  • 2017
Former identifier
  • 9912557789702996

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