Thesis
The development of episodic memory in children : an examination of the picture superiority effect
- Creator
- Awarding institution
- University of Strathclyde
- Date of award
- 2012
- Thesis identifier
- T13197
- Qualification Level
- Qualification Name
- Department, School or Faculty
- Abstract
- In the past decade there have been an increasing number of studies, which have begun to investigate the development of episodic memory in childhood. This research has typically employed the dual process model of recollection and familiarity and has observed age related changes in these processes. However, the research in this field is still at an early stage and is restricted in that there is limited evidence on possible age differences in the developmental trajectory of pictorial versus verbal episodic memory as the majority of research has typically employed pictorial stimuli alone. The aim of the present study was to investigate the development of both pictorial and verbal episodic retrieval processes in children and adults. There were 105 participants recruited to this study 79 of which were children age 7, 9 and 11, and 26 adults. The participants performed in two remember-know (R/K) tasks one of which was a picture location task, and the other a verbal task. Both tasks were matched in terms of parameters and included old/new, R/K, and source memory judgements. The findings demonstrated a clear developmental trajectory of recollection showing that 7-year-olds had poorer episodic memory than all other age groups. Moreover, the results revealed a picture superiority effect of recognition memory across all participants and this effect was particularly pronounced for males. These findings integrate well with the literature in that they support the dual process model of recollection and familiarity. The study also adds to the research field in demonstrating a picture superiority effect in episodic memory both across development and in gender, with males demonstrating a more prominent picture superiority effect than females.
- Resource Type
- DOI
- Date Created
- 2012
- Former identifier
- 947589
Relations
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File | 2021-07-02 | University of Strathclyde |