Thesis

Reconstruction of the built environment in post-conflict contexts : a case study of Benghazi after the 2014-2017 conflict

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Awarding institution
  • University of Strathclyde
Date of award
  • 2025
Thesis identifier
  • T17270
Person Identifier (Local)
  • 201862456
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Department, School or Faculty
Abstract
  • This thesis examines the post-conflict reconstruction of Benghazi, Libya, following the armed conflict of 2014-2017, focusing on the challenges, approaches, and effectiveness of reconstruction efforts from the perspective of householders. Using a mixed-methods approach combining quantitative surveys of 238 householders with qualitative interviews of 10 participants, the study provides a comprehensive analysis of reconstruction processes and their impacts on the urban environment and local communities. The research findings reveal significant disparities between implemented reconstruction projects and community needs. Survey data indicates widespread dissatisfaction with recovery efforts, with only 1.76 out of 5 mean satisfaction score regarding municipal efforts to restore life and activity in the city. The study found that 31.1% of residents were displaced to other cities during the conflict, while 27.3% reported minor damage to their homes and 8.4% experienced complete destruction. Notably, 88% of respondents received no aid or support during the conflict period. The research identifies several critical challenges in Benghazi's reconstruction process: fragmented governance structures, unresolved property rights issues stemming from Libya's socialist era, limited community consultation (71% reporting no consultation about projects), and inadequate coordination among reconstruction actors. Unlike the internationally coordinated reconstruction of Mostar or the private sector-driven rebuilding of Beirut, Benghazi's recovery has been characterized by competing priorities and limited stakeholder coordination. This study contributes to the field in three key ways: first, by providing empirical evidence of reconstruction challenges from a householder perspective; second, by examining the relationship between physical reconstruction and social recovery in the Libyan context; and third, by developing practical recommendations for improving reconstruction processes based on community needs and experiences. The research offers insights into how post-conflict reconstruction can better serve affected populations while promoting sustainable urban development. The findings suggest that successful post-conflict reconstruction requires not only technical expertise and financial resources but also careful attention to social dynamics, property rights, and community needs. The study recommends an integrated approach to reconstruction that balances immediate recovery needs with long-term development goals while emphasizing the importance of community participation and transparent governance. Key Words: Benghazi – Heritage - Libya - Post-Conflict - Reconstruction - Urban Development- Old city
Advisor / supervisor
  • Dimitrijevic, Branka
Resource Type
DOI
Date Created
  • 2024

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